Doctor answers
Laser stimulation.
The study of mechanisms of co-operation of threshold laser radiation dosages with tissues of eye served basis for creation of new direction in laser ophthalmology – cold laser therapy, the so-called laser stimulation.
The fotobiology basic law says that a biological effect is only caused by the radiation of such length at which it is taken in molecules or photorecepters of one or another structural components of cells. Susceptibility of biostructures to the low-energy laser radiation is conditioned by the presence of total of specific fotoacceptors, cells which take in energy of this radiation and provide its transformation in biological and biochemical processes.
On the basis of numerous studies it was set, that low-energy laser radiation is rendered the positive action on biological combustion processes in the eye tissues. Thus metabolism gets considerably better in the cells of pigment epithelium of retina, visual nerve, cells of cornea and frontal capsule of lens of the eye, work of ciliary muscles is normalized.
According to data of center Lazer-Vision eyesight became better in 99.6% patients, remained unchanged in 0.4% patients. Worsenings were not observed.
The best effect of laser stimulation was observed in the mild degrees of myopia, amblyopia and spasm of accommodation – sight from 0.1-0.2 before treatment rose to 0.3-0.4 after treatment, and from 0.3-0.4 before treatment to 0.5-0.7. The increase of visual acuity was achieved at 0.9-1.0 from initial visual acuity 0.6-0.8.
The increase of visual acuity was marked in 100% cases of amblyopia. The change fixing on central was marked in 67% cases of high degree amblyopia with the wrong fixing.
For almost semi-centennial history of laser application in ophthalmology laser efficiency and safety was confirmed by time and numerous clinical trials. Proceeding perfection of methods of influence and applied equipment promises large prospects of this way of eye diseases management therapy in the future.
Diseases of the retina.
Diseases of the retina are the important problem of modern ophthalmology. The different system diseases affect the organ of vision. One of the manifestation of such endocrine disease of all body as diabetes mellitus is decrement of visual acuity due to retinal lesion. Many links of metabolic process are thus broken in a retina. Permeability of capillaries is increased, retinal tissue suffers from the nutritional deficiency, that results in growth of defective neogenic vessels. These vessels are prone to hemorrhage, and also to the processes resulting in retinal detachment and loss of eyesight.
The unique effective acknowledged method of treatment of diabetic retinal lesion is laser coagulation of retinas. Appropriately conducted treatment allows to obtain stabilization of process and exclude decrement in visual acuity in 50-70% cases. Treatment consists in diligent treatment of retinal tissue with laser burn-throughs (fully treated eye ≈ 3,5-5 thousand of burn-throughs).
Other actual problem of modern retinology is retinal detachment. Retinal detachment usually begins with the small retinal hole on its periphery. Treachery of this problem consists in that a man can it not to notice and appeal for a help in that moment when retinal detachment already affected the most functionally active area of retina - makula. On the stage of presence only retinal tear or insignificant retinal detachment it is possible to stop a process by laser intervention, executing restrictive laser coagulation of retinal tear or retinal detachment. Most often retinal detachment occurs in myopic cases, due to anatomic features of myopic eye. In such eyes antero-posterior size is increased, that results in ectasis of retina and formation of the so-called degeneration or dystrophy of retina which can lead to subsequent retinal detachment.
Indications for application of laser methods of eye treatment has been broaden eventaully. Manipulations with such delicate organ as an eye become less and less traumatic. Thereupon a laser ray allows bloodless and without holes to get the desired effect on any segment of eye, to resolve patient's problem with the minimum traumatic damage of surrounding tissues and maximal efficiency.